Classify Guided medium (wired). Compare fiber optics and copper wire. - MBA Notes

Answer:

Guided Transmission Medium can be classified into -
·         Twisted Pair
·         Coaxial Cable
·         Optical Fiber

Twisted Pair
-          A twisted pair consists of two insulted copper wires, typically about 1 mm thick. The wires are twisted together in a helical form, just like a DNA molecule.

-          Twisting is done because two parallel wires constitute a fine antenna. When the wires are twisted, the waves from different twists cancel out, so the wire radiates less effectively.

Coaxial Cable
-          The coaxial cable consists of a stiff copper wire as the core, surrounded by

an insulating material. The insulator is encased by a cylindrical conductor, often as a closely-woven braided mesh. The outer conductor is covered in a protective plastic sheath.

-          The construction and shielding of the coaxial cable give it a good combination of high bandwidth and excellent noise immunity.

Optical Fiber

-          A fiber-optic cable is made of glass or plastic and transmits signals in the form of light.
-          Fiber optic cables are similar to coax. At the center is the glass core through which the light propagates.
-          The core is surrounded by a glass cladding with a lower index of refraction than the core, to keep all the light in the core.


Comparison of Fiber Optics and Copper Wire
  
Fiber Optics

• It can handle much higher band widths than copper.
• Fiber is not being affected by the power surges, electromagnetic interference, or power failures
• Fibers do not leak light and are quite difficult to tap. This gives them excellent security against potential wire tappers
• Fiber interfaces cost more.

Copper Wire

• Copper Wires handles lesser bandwidth than Fiber Optics
• Copper Wires could be attract electromagnetic interference
• Lesser security against wire tapping
• Less Costlier

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