What are different types of satellites? - computer networks - MBA Notes
Answer:Four different types of satellite orbits can be identified depending on the shape and diameter of the orbit:
- GEO (Geostationary orbit)
- LEO (Low Earth Orbit)
- MEO (Medium Earth Orbit) or ICO (Intermediate Circular Orbit)
- HEO (Highly Elliptical Orbit) elliptical orbits
The following figure clearly depicts the differences between the different satellites:
Orbit
|
Altitude
|
Coverage
|
Visibility
| |
GEO
|
Geostationary
|
36000 km above earth surface
|
Suited for continuous, regional coverage using a single satellite.
Can also be used equally effectively for global coverage using a minimum of
three satellites
|
Mobile to satellite visibility decreases with increased latitude of the user.
Poor Visibility in built-up, urban regions
|
LEO
|
Low Earth orbit
|
500 - 1500 km
|
Multi-satellite constellations of upwards of 30-50 satellites are required for
global, continuous coverage.
|
The use of satellite diversity, by which more than one satellite is visible at any given time, can be used to optimize the link. This can be achieved by either selecting the optimum link or combining the reception of two or more links.
|
MEO
|
Medium Earth orbit
|
6000 - 20000 km
|
Multi-satellite constellations of between 10 and 20 satellites are required for global coverage.
|
Good to excellent global visibility, augmented by the use of satellite diversity
techniques
|
HEO
|
Highly elliptical orbit
|
Apogee: 40 000–50 000 km, Perigee: 1000–20 000 km.
|
Three or four satellites are needed to provide continuous coverage to a region
|
Particularly designed to provide high guaranteed elevation angle to satellite
for Northern and Southern temperate latitudes
|
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